It is experimentally shown that a meniscus is raised under the action of pulsed-periodic spark discharges between the electrode and the meniscus in a capillary formed by two vertically fixed cylindrical rods. The recorded effect can be applied, for example, to intensify technological processes of the fabric impregnation.

The concentration functions of the electrical conductivity and pH for aqueous solutions of an ionic liquid (IL) based on diethanolamine and boric acid (DEAB) have been determined. Correlations have been established between the physicochemical properties of an aqueous solution of DEAB and the processes of dissociation of the components of the system. It was shown that anions are charge carriers in DEAB solutions. It was found that an aqueous solution of DEAB possesses unipolar electrical conductivity and anion-exchange properties with an anion transfer number of 0.79.

The authors in the present paper suggest that it is possible to manipulate the state of manganese atoms in the silicon lattice, thus significantly changing the state and character of the magnetic resistance of the studied silicon sample. The authors have been able to determine how magnetic resistance in silicon with a varying number of manganese atoms (single atomic or aggregates) changes as a function of temperature, light, and electric field.

It was found that the diffusion of gallium and phosphorus atoms from the gas phase into silicon not only compensates, but also a particular interaction with each other. Elemental analysis on a scanning electron microscope showed that gallium and phosphorus atoms are present on the silicon surface after diffusion and processing in similar concentrations. Investigation of the concentration distribution of charge carriers over depth shows that, upon joint diffusion, the solubility of gallium increases by one order of magnitude. In this case, the mobility of charge carriers decreased 3–4 times. Based on the data obtained, the concentration (~ 1019 cm-3) of neutral complexes [Ga-P+] and their formation energy (~ 0.62 eV) were calculated. The results obtained can be associated with the electrostatic interaction of gallium and phosphorus ions during diffusion, as a result of which, the concentration distribution of impurities changes, as well as the formation of quasineutral complexes of the [Ga-P+] type in the silicon lattice.

The comparative corrosion resistance and electrochemical behavior in acidic, alkaline, and neutral media of both pure metals and the Ni-Re alloys doped with zirconium, hafnium, tungsten, and palladium were investigated. A positive effect of zirconium on the corrosion resistance of the Ni-Re alloy in all studied media was demonstrated. It is shown that the Ni-Re alloy doped with hafnium also improves corrosion resistance and compensates its reduction at the introduction to a tungsten alloy. It is shown that the Ni-Re alloy doped with zirconium together with palladium has the maximum corrosion resistance.

The results of the research related to the establishment of basic features of transmission and thermal (joule) losses of electromagnetic energy in a homogeneous two-wire overhead power line with the metallic wires of eventual sizes (by the radius of r0 and length l0 >> r0) and alternating (impulsive) electric current of conductivity of i0(t) of different peak-temporal parameters are presented. With the view of the quantum-wave nature of electric current of conductivity of i0(t), it was found that in the metallic wires of probed overhead lines there appear the standing transversal electromagnetic waves (EMWs) that cannot be transmitted at the distance of electromagnetic energy. It is demonstrated that from a weak dispersion of the quantized longitudinal electronic de Broglie semi-waves on the crystalline lattice sites of a metal (alloy) of wires of the investigated line, the thermal losses of energy are spotted on those lattice sites. The features of the influence of the transversal EMWs in the air environment of the studied lines on the process of transmission in the overhead power lines at a distance of electromagnetic energy are established.

The article deals with the study of factors participating in the extraction of humic acids from plant substrates under the action of electric discharges. Using the example of the electric discharge treatment of the peat-water suspension, it was demonstrated that the main factor affecting the intensity of extraction is the degree of the solid phase of the biosubstrate-water suspension grinding, which depends on the pressure amplitude at a distance of the inner radius of the chamber and the number of discharge pulses. Experimental studies have shown that the amount of chemical reagents (alkalis) commonly used in the extraction of humic acids from peat can be significantly reduced due to the appearance of radicals and peroxide compounds in the peat-water suspension during the action of an electric discharge. The perspectives of a non-thermal electric discharge method for intensifying the extraction of humic acids from biosubstrates are determined.

An experimental study of the anodic dissolution of titanium and its alloys, including pulsed dissolution (up to 100 A/cm2) under control of hydrodynamic conditions and surface temperature in nitrate and chloride solutions, showed that the process is carried out through the electrochemical formation of anodic oxide films (AOF) which can be chemically dissolved. An AOF has a bilayered structure, i.e. two barrier films on the interface with a metal and a solution. Its model is PDM-III (Point Defect Model). At certain conditions, it is possible to achieve a steady state in which the film growth rate is compensated by the rate of its chemical dissolution (observed at pulsed conditions). In this case, over 100% current efficiency based on the ionization of titanium in the oxidation state is achieved. During the conducted experiments, when treated with the direct current, the rate of the electrochemical formation of an AOF exceeded the rate of its chemical dissolution, which led to a decrease in to current efficiency which did not exceed 75%. An increase of the dissolution rate takes place with an increase in the electrolyte flow rate. Upon reaching the thermokinetic instability (TKI) of the AOF (thermal explosion due to a feedback rate of the electrochemical reaction- surface temperature-rate of an electrochemical reaction), the interaction of electrolyte components with the surface free of the film takes place, and, as a result, an “anomalous” anodic dissolution is observed with the current efficiency greater than 100%. Regardless the nature of the electrolyte, TKI is achieved at a current density of 1 A/cm2. It is shown that in nitrate solutions with certain parameters of pulsed processing (duty factor 2, dc 50%), the dissolution rate, and, in the case of electrochemical machining, the feed rate of a cathode-tool, can be more than twice higher than the rate of machining with the direct current of the same density.

An experimental study of the anodic dissolution of titanium and its alloys, including pulsed dissolution (up to 100 A/cm2) under control of hydrodynamic conditions and surface temperature in nitrate and chloride solutions, showed that the process is carried out through the electrochemical formation of anodic oxide films (AOF) which can be chemically dissolved. An AOF has a bilayered structure, i.e. two barrier films on the interface with a metal and a solution. Its model is PDM-III (Point Defect Model). At certain conditions, it is possible to achieve a steady state in which the film growth rate is compensated by the rate of its chemical dissolution (observed at pulsed conditions). In this case, over 100% current efficiency based on the ionization of titanium in the oxidation state is achieved. During the conducted experiments, when treated with the direct current, the rate of the electrochemical formation of an AOF exceeded the rate of its chemical dissolution, which led to a decrease in to current efficiency which did not exceed 75%. An increase of the dissolution rate takes place with an increase in the electrolyte flow rate. Upon reaching the thermokinetic instability (TKI) of the AOF (thermal explosion due to a feedback rate of the electrochemical reaction- surface temperature-rate of an electrochemical reaction), the interaction of electrolyte components with the surface free of the film takes place, and, as a result, an “anomalous” anodic dissolution is observed with the current efficiency greater than 100%. Regardless the nature of the electrolyte, TKI is achieved at a current density of 1 A/cm2. It is shown that in nitrate solutions with certain parameters of pulsed processing (duty factor 2, dc 50%), the dissolution rate, and, in the case of electrochemical machining, the feed rate of a cathode-tool, can be more than twice higher than the rate of machining with the direct current of the same density.

For the first azimuthal modes of a charged jet of an electrically conductive incompressible liquid, the increments of the instability of capillary waves, their magnitude and dependence on the physical parameters of the task, the position of the instability zones on the set of wave numbers were investigated. In the conducted studies, it was found that the widths of the ranges of wave numbers of unstable waves and the values of instability increments depend on the square of the intensity of an electrostatic field and the square of the speed of relative motion, increasing at a higher field strength and speed. In the absence of a charge on the jet, bending instability has a threshold character, and it is realized not at any low speed value but starting from some final value of it.

The characteristics of a pulse periodic source of a long-range UV radiation with overvoltage pumping by a bipolar discharge of nanosecond duration between copper electrodes in argon at atmospheric pressure are investigated. Copper vapors were introduced into the discharge due to the ectonic mechanism, in which a sufficient amount of the electrode material vapors is introduced into the discharge gap due to microexplosions of inhomogeneities of the surface of metal electrodes in a strong electric field of an overvoltage high-current nanosecond discharge. The characteristics of an overvoltage nanosecond discharge at a distance between the electrodes of 2 mm are studied. The emission spectra of the discharge were analysed, and the intensity of the UV radiation of a point emitter was optimized depending on the supply voltage of the high-voltage modulator and the repetition rate of discharge pulses. The identification of the emission spectra of plasma made it possible to establish the main excited plasma products that form the spectrum of the UV radiation of the plasma. The study of the spectral characteristics of plasma based on gas-vapor mixtures "copper – argon" showed that the most intense were the spectral resonance spectral lines of the copper atom and ion. It was found that a space-uniform overvoltage nanosecond discharge was ignited between copper electrodes at an inter-electrode distance of 2 mm. It was found that the maximum value of the average UV power at p(Ar) = 101 kPa was observed for the UV-A range.

An experimental study of the anodic dissolution of titanium and its alloys, including pulsed dissolution (up to 100 A/cm2) under control of hydrodynamic conditions and surface temperature in nitrate and chloride solutions, showed that the process is carried out through the electrochemical formation of anodic oxide films (AOF) which can be chemically dissolved. An AOF has a bilayered structure, i.e. two barrier films on the interface with a metal and a solution. Its model is PDM-III (Point Defect Model). At certain conditions, it is possible to achieve a steady state in which the film growth rate is compensated by the rate of its chemical dissolution (observed at pulsed conditions). In this case, over 100% current efficiency based on the ionization of titanium in the oxidation state is achieved. During the conducted experiments, when treated with the direct current, the rate of the electrochemical formation of an AOF exceeded the rate of its chemical dissolution, which led to a decrease in to current efficiency which did not exceed 75%. An increase of the dissolution rate takes place with an increase in the electrolyte flow rate. Upon reaching the thermokinetic instability (TKI) of the AOF (thermal explosion due to a feedback rate of the electrochemical reaction- surface temperature-rate of an electrochemical reaction), the interaction of electrolyte components with the surface free of the film takes place, and, as a result, an “anomalous” anodic dissolution is observed with the current efficiency greater than 100%. Regardless the nature of the electrolyte, TKI is achieved at a current density of 1 A/cm2. It is shown that in nitrate solutions with certain parameters of pulsed processing (duty factor 2, dc 50%), the dissolution rate, and, in the case of electrochemical machining, the feed rate of a cathode-tool, can be more than twice higher than the rate of machining with the direct current of the same density.